Comparative Education System Saudi Arabia to Indonesia
FOREWORD
Praise Allah, who has mercy, Taufik and hidayah-
His to us, so that we can complete a paper Comparative Education System In Saudi Arabia the Indonesian education system with.
Peace be upon not forget we are extended to Youth desert, Kanjeng great Prophet Muhammad SAW as where he as an orphan but he was able to become a true revolutionary, groundbreaking kejumudan thinking and able to bring change to humanity.
Writing this paper was developed to fulfill the task of Comparative Education Course in IAIH Pancor smester VII. In writing this paper the authors feel are still many shortcomings both in technical writing and material, given the ability of the author. To that criticism and suggestions from all parties is the authors expect this effort to improve the manufacture of paper.
Finally, the authors hope that Allah gives rewards in kind to those who have provided help, and can make all of this assistance as worship, Ameen Yaa Robbal 'alamiin.
composer,
PART I
PRELIMINARY
Background
Society, nation and state in Indonesia is experiencing growth and change constantly as a response to the accumulation of problems that occur during this time and the effects of global change, the development of science and technology as well as arts and culture. Indonesia is a developing country, still have much to learn with the State-Developed Countries in pendidikan.Indonesia Today could not go forward because pendiidkan management system that has been unable to run so we pendiidkan in Indonesia today is the Representative of the State that will never be one of the advanced and real form of our current education is education that can not educate children bangsa.Hal demanded the need for improvement of national education system, including curriculum improvement.
Then how education in the country Hajj, Saudi Arabia. Are the advantages of education possessed Saudi Arabia, would be able to take some comparisons. We will try to describe about the education system in Saudi Arabia, hopefully can be used to develop educational materials in Indonesia into a better direction.
FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM
1. What is the difference between Saudi Arabia's education system with the education system in Indonesia.
2. How to model educational structure between Saudi Arabia and Indonesia.
3. How Role of each country in education for all its citizens.
.RESTRICTING THE PROBLEM
Because of the limitations of our knowledge in the preparation of paper, then in writing this paper, the authors limit the problem as follows:
1. Geographical Saudi Arabia
2. Education System in Saudi Arabia
3. Education System in Indonesia
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was established in 1932 and occupies 80 percent of the area of the Arabian Peninsula. Geographically the country is bordered by Jordan, Kuwait, and Iraq to the north, the Red Sea in the west, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates on the east, as well as Yemen and Oman to the south. Saudi Arabia is a country that adheres to Islamic-based law where sharia law as the basis of the constitution and the legal system. The discovery of oil fields and increased oil consumption in the early 1970s to encourage industrial development and urbanization is so rapid. Currently, 70% of the population inhabiting large cities and the backbone of the economy remains dependent on the oil industry, while Saudi Arabia many using foreign workers as human resource needs are so great.
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN SAUDI ARABIA
The education system in Saudi Arabia is split between men and women in accordance with Islamic law. In general education system in Saudi Arabia consists of primary education, secondary education / secondary and higher education that will be elaborated further as follows:
1. Basic Education (Primary Education), consisting of:
a. Primary school.
· Duration: 6 years (age 6-12 years)
· Lessons must: Arabic, art, geography, history, home economics (women only), mathematics, physical education (especially male), Islamic studies, and science.
b. Secondary school
· Duration: 3 years (age 12-15 years)
· Lessons must: Arabic, art, English, geography, history, home economics (women only), mathematics, physical education (especially male), Islamic studies, and science.
2. Further Education (Secondary Education), consisting of:
a. General Further Education
Duration: 3 years (age 15-18 years).
Mandatory subjects: during the first year received the same general subject, the last 2 years divided into science and social (literacy). Students who have a grade of 60% or more may select both, while about 60% had to choose social.
General subjects: Arabic language, biology, chemistry, English, geography, history, home economics (women only), mathematics, physical education (khususlaki male), and religious education.
b. Further Education Religion
Duration: 3 years (age 15-18 years).
Arabic language and literature, English language, a common culture, geography, history and religious education.
c. Advanced Engineering Education
Duration: 3 years (age 15-18 years).
There are three (3) types of techniques that further education
1) Technical
studying:
architectural drawings, automotive, electrical, engine mechanics, metal mechanics, radio and television. And additional lessons in Arabic, chemistry, English, mathematics, physical education and religious education.
2) Commercial,
Learn: Arabic, accounting and bookkeeping, commercial correspondence, economics, English, mathematics economics, general math, geography, management and secretariat, and religious education.
3) Agricultural.
Studying: agricultural economics, agronomy, animal breeding, applied biology, applied chemistry, applied mathematics, applied physics, Arabic, English, agriculture and land management, horticulture, religious education, marketing, and nutritional food.
Higher Education (Higher Education)
Higher education or university in Saudi Arabia are divided into two main parts namely:
1) Higher Education General
Ø University,
Ø Institute for Women (college for women),
Ø Institute of public administration (institute of public administration)
Ø Institute teacher (teacher training college).
All Public Higher Education in the above are under the supervision of the Ministry of Higher Education (Ministry of Higher Education) in Saudi Arabia.
For higher education, the same level as the university in general, namely:
Strata 1 (Bachelor):
For S1, the time required is 4 years (at least), but for technical, medical, and pharmaceutical needs at least 5 years to complete.
Strata 2 (Master) :
For S2 (Master) takes at least 2 years to complete with the condition that they must have completed S1. There are two paths to S2, the thesis (by thesis) or college (by course). If we take the path of the thesis, then after completing the courses that have been determined, we must complete a thesis for about one year (two semesters), while for the path to college, we just need menyelesaikas all courses that have been determined, but with the number of courses more.
Strata 3 (Doctor):
, For S3, the length of time required is three years after completing S2. for S3, we must complete the course and collect dissertation is the result of independent research that has been done.
2) Higher Education Religion .
Namely the Islamic University of Medina (Islamic University of Medinah), the best university in Saudi Arabia for Islamic religious education, this university is under the supervision of the Council of Ministers (Council of Ministers) .
3. EDUCATION SYSTEM In INDONESIA
The education system in Indonesia called the national education system which has the overall sense of interrelated educational component in an integrated manner to achieve national education goals.
The national education system is divided into three (3) parts;
1. Institutional consisting of education and educational pathways.
1. Qualification
Qualification is a stage of education is defined by level
development of learners, objectives to be achieved, and capacities developed. As for the variety of his as follows:
a. early childhood education programs
Referring to Law No. 20 of 2003, Article 1 Clause 14 of the National Education System, Early Childhood Education (ECD) is a development efforts aimed at children from birth to the age of six years are accomplished by providing stimulus education to help physical growth and spiritually so that children have the readiness to enter further education.
b. Basic education
Basic education is the beginning of education for 9 (nine) years
school age children that underlie secondary education.
c. Middle education
Secondary education is primary education secondary education.
d. Higher education
Higher education is education after secondary education includes diplomas, bachelor's, master's, specialist and doctoral organized by higher education.
2. The educational path
Hiking education is a vehicle through which the learners to develop the potential
in an education process in accordance with the purpose of education.
The wide-ranged as follows:
a. formal education
Formal education is education held in schools in general. This educational path has a clear educational levels, ranging from basic education, secondary education, to higher education.
b. non-formal education
This education are most numerous in early childhood and basic education, is TPA,
or Taman Pendidikan Al Quran, which is widely available in every mosque and school
Sunday contained in all gereja.Selain, there are also a variety of courses, including music lessons, tutoring and so on.
PNF is functional Literacy Program (KF);
Education Equality A, B, C;
Early Childhood Education (ECD); internships; etc.
PNF institutions that PKBM, SKB, BPPNFI, and so forth.
c. Informal education
Informal education is family education pathways and environmental form of activities
learn independently conscious and responsible.
2. Types of Education consists of general, vocational, and others.
Type of education is a group that is based on the specificity of educational objectives
an educational unit. The wide-ranged as follows:
a. general education
Public education is a primary and secondary education that prioritizes
expansion of the knowledge required by students to continue their education
to a higher level.
The shape: Elementary School (SD), Junior High School (SMP), and High School to the Top (SMA).
b. vocational education
Vocational education is secondary education that prepares students primarily to work in a particular field. Unit forms of education are vocational schools (SMK).
c. academic education
Academic education is higher education and postgraduate courses directed mainly towards the mastery of specific scientific disciplines.
d. professional education
Professional education is higher education after undergraduate programs
prepare learners to enter a profession or to become a
Professional.
e. vocational education
Vocational education is higher education that prepares students to have a job with a certain applied skills the maximum in diploma level 4
the equivalent of an undergraduate program (stratum 1).
f. religious education
Religious education is a basic education, secondary, and higher that prepares students to be able to carry out a role that requires the mastery of knowledge and experience of religious teachings and / or become a theologian.
g. special education
Special education is provision of education for learners
disabilities or students who have extraordinary intelligence organized by inclusively (join a regular school) or in the form of special education unit at the level of primary and secondary education (in the form of Special Schools / SLB).
3. The curriculum in use in Indonesia In accordance with Law No. 20 of 2003 on National Education System that has been set by the Minister of Education.
In the Education Law has a very strategic indicators such as faith-righteous, noble, healthy, knowledgeable, skilled, creative, independent, and become citizens of a democratic and accountable. And to meet the competency requirements of the 21st century, the National Education Law also provides clear guidelines that the purpose of education should be achieved either through the application of curriculum in 2013.
CHAPTER III
COVER
A. Conclusion
• There are two things that attract the attention of the educators in Saudi Arabia, an Islamic state which is rich in oil resources and always visited by millions of Muslims from around the world. In general it must be recognized education in Saudi still Disadvantaged of many countries in the world. One very relevant in talking about is the problem of the high level of iliterasi in this country is about 37%.
• information about ileterasi in Saudi Arabia, revealed that the number of women who can not read and write is greater in comparison with the number of men
• One thing that is important in the improvement of the education system in Indonesia is the budget. The budget required is very large. Therefore, the budget should be sufficient for the success of the changes that will be made.
• In regard to budget things to get attention is to prevent leakage or corruption. Corruption has a tremendous impact on efforts to reform the nation. Corruption has been able to paralyze the reform and restoration done by the various components.
B. Advice - advice
1. The leaders, particularly leaders in the field of education, in deciding policies on education, should be based on criteria well, in order to enhance educational goals to a better direction.
2. The teacher or educator should always improve the competence of expertise, so that education can be run and achieve the results as expected
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